河南專升本·英語(yǔ)練習(xí)題

　　Passage 4

　　We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it.

　　Any society which is interested in equality of opportunity and standards of achievement must regularly test its pupils. The standards may be changed—no examination is perfect—but to have no tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards. There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers. This would mean everything would depend on luck since every pupil would depend on the values and the purpose of each teacher.

　　Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them—a form of favoritism will replace equality. At the moment, the bright child from an ill-respected school can show certificates to prove he is suitable for a job, while the lack of a certificate indicates the unsuitability of a dull child attending a well-respected school. This defense of excellence and opportunity would disappear if examinations were taken away, and the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his school’s reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.

　　The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils. According to these people, there must be no special, different academic class. They have even suggested that there should be no form of difference in sport or any other area: all jobs or posts should be filled by unsystematic selection. The selection would be made by people who themselves are probably selected by some computer.

　　1. The word “it” in paragraph 1 refers to ______.

　　A. equality

　　B. the society

　　C. the school

　　D. the examination system

　　2. Those who support examinations believe that without examinations, ______.

　　A. there will be no equality nor standards

　　B. the bright child will have no opportunity

　　C. the employers will favor the dull child

　　D. schools for bright children would lose their reputation

　　3. The word “favoritism” in paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that ______.

　　A. bright children usually get better jobs

　　B. poor children with certificates are favored in job markets

　　C. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success

　　D. children from well-respected schools will have good jobs

　　4. Those who are against the examination system will agree that ______.

　　A. pupils shouldn’t be divided into “the bright” and “the dull”

　　B. special classes are necessary to keep the school standards

　　C. school reputation is important in the job market

　　D. family background is important in the job market

　　5. The passage mainly focuses on ______.

　　A. schools and certificates

　　B. examinations and equality

　　C. opportunity and employment

　　D. standards and reputation

　　1.【答案】D

　　【解析】根據(jù)第一段We are all interested in equality, but while some people try to protect the school examination system in the name of equality, others, still in the name of equality, want only to destroy it. 我們都對(duì)平等感興趣，但是當(dāng)一些人試圖以平等的名義保護(hù)學(xué)?？荚囍贫葧r(shí)，另一些人，仍然以平等的名義，只想破壞它。有些人贊成考試制度的, 相反, 另外一些人反對(duì)考試制度。此處省略的是前文提到的考試制度.

　　2.【答案】A

　　【解析】根據(jù)第二段第二句The standards may be changed-no examination is perfect-but to have no tests or examinations would mean the end of equality and of standards.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能會(huì)改變—沒(méi)有考試是完美的—但是沒(méi)有考試就意味著平等和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的終結(jié)?？芍?沒(méi)有了考試制度卻會(huì)宣告了平等和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的死亡.

　　3.【答案】D

　　【解析】根據(jù)第三段大意和第三段末句the bright child from a poor family would be a prisoner of his school’s reputation, unable to compete for employment with the child from the favored school.來(lái)自貧困家庭的聰明孩子就會(huì)淪為學(xué)校聲譽(yù)的囚徒，無(wú)法與來(lái)自受青睞學(xué)校的孩子競(jìng)爭(zhēng)就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)?？芍? 如果沒(méi)有了考試制度, 差學(xué)校的好學(xué)生會(huì)被學(xué)校的聲譽(yù)所影響.也就是雇主會(huì)依靠學(xué)校的好壞來(lái)決定是否雇傭。

　　4.【答案】A

　　【解析】根據(jù)第四段首句The opponents of the examination system suggest that examinations are an evil force because they show differences between pupils.考試制度的反對(duì)者認(rèn)為考試是一種邪惡的力量，因?yàn)榭荚囷@示了學(xué)生之間的差異?？芍? 反對(duì)者認(rèn)為考試制度會(huì)將學(xué)生分為不同等級(jí)。

　　5.【答案】B

　　【解析】從第一段和最后一段就能看出，中心詞是考試制度，文章大意講的是考試制度的利弊與平等的關(guān)系。